Abstract | Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) is an emerging analysis method that offers thorough seismic demand and capacity prediction capability by using a series of nonlinear dynamic analyses under a multiply scaled suite of ground motion records. Realization of its opportunities requires several innovations, such as choosing suitable ground motion Intensity Measures (IMs) and representative Damage Measures (DMs). In addition, proper interpolation and summarization techniques for multiple records need to be employed, providing the means for estimating the probability distribution of the structural demand given the seismic intensity. Limit-states, such as the dynamic global system instability, can be naturally defined in the context of IDA, thus allowing annual rates of exceedance to be calculated. Finally, the data gathered through IDA can provide intuition for the behavior of structures and shed new light on the connection between the Static Pushover (SPO) and the dynamic response. To illustrate all the above concepts, a complete walkthrough of the methodology is presented by using a 9-storey steel moment-resisting frame with fracturing connections as an example to explain and clarify the application of the IDA to Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE).